Epidemiology of Adenocarcinoma of Esophagogastric Junction

Hong, Jin Heon; Kim, Hyun Soo

doi:2012.12.3.133

Korean J Helicobacter Up Gastrointest Res > Volume 12(3); 2012 > Article

Review

The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research 2012;12(3):133-140.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7704/kjhugr.2012.12.3.133 Published online September 10, 2012.

Epidemiology of Adenocarcinoma of Esophagogastric Junction

Jin Heon Hong, Hyun Soo Kim

Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea. hyskim@yonsei.ac.kr

위식도 접합부 암의 역학

홍진헌, 김현수

연세대학교 원주의과대학 내과학교실

Abstract

The incidence of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) has increased rapidly over the past three decades in Western countries, but data from Asian populations are conflicting. The most commonly used classification is that described by Siewert and Stein, which defines AEG as tumors that have their center within 5 cm proximal or distal to the anatomic cardia. However, there is lack of consensus in definition and classification of AEG, which has resulted in difficulties in comparing the various studies on the epidemiology of AEG. The cause of changing pattern of AEG is not clear. Known risk factors for AEG are Barrett's esophagus, gastroesophageal reflux, obesity, smoking, and medications that relax the lower esophageal sphincter. On the other hand, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Helicobacter pylori infection, fruits and vegetables, and antioxidants might reduce the risk. Currently, there is no evidence that strongly supports any strategy for surveillance of population at high risk of AEG. In Asian countries, the incidence of AEG still low, however, some countries report the increasing trend of adenocarcinoma of lower esophagus and cardia.

Key Words: Epidemiology; Adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction; Helicobacter pylori