Research and Publication Ethics

1. Manuscripts that are forged, altered, plagiarized, duplicated, redundant, or dishonest should not be submitted; manuscripts that violate ethics standards will not be published.

• 1) Forgery, alteration, plagiarism
  • ① Forgery: making up research data (fabrication)
  • ② Alteration: manipulation of pre-existing research data, tables or images (falsification)
  • ③ Plagiarism: appropriation or close imitation of another author’s ideas, methods, data, or expressions without proper citation and/or permission
• 2) Duplication
  
  • Duplicate submissions are defined when two or more manuscripts share the same or very similar hypotheses, data, discussion sections or conclusions. Duplicate submissions are not permitted. An article published in this journal is not allowed to be published in another journal without permission from the editorial committee. However, if sufficient reason is given and the editorial committee grants approval, duplicate publication is permitted according to the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (Ann Intern Med 1997;126:36-47). Publication of abstracts or posters is not considered duplicate publication. When duplicate submission or publication is identified, the journal editor will administer author sanctions in accordance with journal policies.

2. All manuscripts describing research conducted using human subjects must be in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki (www.wma.net). Researchers should obtain approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) and provide proper information concerning research objectives and methods. Research subjects or their legal guardians should be educated as to the adverse psychological or physical effects that may result from research and informed consent must be obtained. Information which could be used to identify research subjects such as subject name, initials, etc. should be excluded from research materials including figures and clinical photographs. If this is not possible, written agreement should be obtained from subjects and that should be indicated in the manuscript. In animal studies, researchers should describe how animal pain and discomfort was minimized in keeping with The NIH Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals or equivalent institutional guidelines. Manuscripts describing animal experiments must state that the study protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC) in accordance with Article 14 of the Korean Animal Protection Law or an equivalent standard.
Authors should clearly state that all experiments were performed in accordance with Article 13 of the Korean Animal Protection Law, “The Principle of Animal Experiment,” or an equivalent standard. The editor may request proof of informed consent and for certificates of IRB or IAEC approval.

3. Reviewers should not release, copy, or cite manuscript content prior to publication.

4. Processes and sanctions related to ethics violations including forgery, fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, duplication, and research misconduct follow “Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals 2nd (https://www.kamje.or.kr/board/view?b_name=bo_publication&bo_id=7)” by The Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. For the policies on the research and publication ethics not stated in this instructions, International standards for editors and authors (https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines) can be applied.

5. Registration of Clinical Trial Research
It is recommended that any research dealing with a clinical trial be registered with a primary national clinical trial registration site such as Clinical Research Information Service (http://cris.cdc.go.kr/), or other sites accredited by the World Health Organization ICTRP (http://www.who.int/ictrp/en) and ClinicalTrials.gov (http://clinicaltrials.gov/), a service of the United States National Institutes of Health.

6. Data Sharing Policy
This journal follows the data sharing policy described in “Data Sharing Statements for Clinical Trials: A Requirement of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors”. The ICMJE's policy regarding trial registration is explained at http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/publishing-and-editorial-issues/clinical-trial-registration.html#two. If the data sharing plan changes after registration, this should be reflected in the statement submitted and published with the manuscript, and updated in the registry record.

7. Conflict-of-Interest Statement
The corresponding author of an article is asked to inform the Editor of the authors' potential conflicts of interest possibly influencing their interpretation of data. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. A potential conflict of interest should be disclosed in the manuscript even when the authors are confident that their judgments have not been influenced in preparing the manuscript. The disclosure form should be the same as the ICMJE Uniform Disclosure Form for Potential Conflicts of Interest (http://www.icmje.org/conflicts-of-interest/).

8. Authorship
Authorship credit should be based on: 1) substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; 3) final approval of the version to be published; and 4) agreeing to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that the questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Authors should meet these 4 conditions. After the initial submission of a manuscript, any changes whatsoever in authorship (adding author(s), deleting author(s), or re-arranging the order of authors) must be explained by a letter to the editor from the authors concerned. This letter must be signed by all authors of the paper. Copyright assignment must also be completed by every author.

9. Research Ethics Council
For consideration of research ethics and related issues, the Journal operates a Research Ethics Council. The Director of the Publication Committee of the Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research is the Chair of the Council, and the Council's constitution is decided by the Publication Committee. The Research Ethics Council's roles are 1) reviewing research ethics issues (any forgery, alteration, plagiarism, wrongful research paper author indication, or multiple/duplicate publication allegations) for the publication of the Journal and related papers (review articles, original articles, and others) and 2) reporting the results of the review to the Executive Committee of the Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.

10. Corrections of errors
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research will publish corrections as soon as possible detailing changes from and citing the original publication when errors are detected. We follow the ICMJE and COPE guidelines where applicable. An erratum refers to a production error, caused by the journal, and a corrigendum refers to an error made by the authors. Authors who notice an error should contact the editorial office of the Journal.